Contents

When you do using DynamicalSystems in your Julia session, the module re-exports and brings into scope all submodules (Julia packages) that compose DynamicalSystems.jl. These are listed in this page. Of course, you could be using these packages directly instead of adding DynamicalSystems. However, doing using DynamicalSystems provides the environment all these packages were designed to work together in, and so we recommend to simply install DynamicalSystems and use that.

Exported submodules

The submodules that compose DynamicalSystems.jl are the following packages, which are re-exported by DynamicalSystems:

Core

For observed/measured data

For dynamical system instances

At the very end of this page, a full list of exported names is presented.

Core

StateSpaceSets.StateSpaceSetsModule

StateSpaceSets.jl

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A Julia package that provides functionality for state space sets. These are ordered collections of points of fixed length (called dimension). It is used by many other packages in the JuliaDynamics organization. The main export of StateSpaceSets is the concrete type StateSpaceSet. The package also provides functionality for distances, neighbor searches, sampling, and normalization.

To install it you may run import Pkg; Pkg.add("StateSpaceSets"), however, there is no real reason to install this package directly as it is re-exported by all downstream packages that use it.

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DynamicalSystemsBase.DynamicalSystemsBaseModule

DynamicalSystemsBase.jl

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A Julia package that defines the DynamicalSystem interface and many concrete implementations used in the DynamicalSystems.jl ecosystem.

To install it, run import Pkg; Pkg.add("DynamicalSystemsBase"). Typically, you do not want to use DynamicalSystemsBase directly, as downstream analysis packages re-export it.

All further information is provided in the documentation, which you can either find online or build locally by running the docs/make.jl file.

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For observed/measured data

ComplexityMeasures.ComplexityMeasuresModule

ComplexityMeasures.jl

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ComplexityMeasures.jl is a Julia-based software for calculating 1000s of various kinds of probabilities, entropies, and other so-called complexity measures from a single-variable input datasets. For relational measures across many input datasets see its extension CausalityTools.jl. If you are a user of other programming languages (Python, R, MATLAB, ...), you can still use ComplexityMeasures.jl due to Julia's interoperability. For example, for Python use juliacall.

A careful comparison with alternative widely used software shows that ComplexityMeasures.jl outclasses the alternatives in several objective aspects of comparison, such as computational performance, overall amount of measures, reliability, and extendability. See the associated publication for more details.

The key features that it provides can be summarized as:

  • A rigorous framework for extracting probabilities from data, based on the mathematical formulation of probability spaces.
  • Several (12+) outcome spaces, i.e., ways to discretize data into probabilities.
  • Several estimators for estimating probabilities given an outcome space, which correct theoretically known estimation biases.
  • Several definitions of information measures, such as various flavours of entropies (Shannon, Tsallis, Curado...), extropies, and other complexity measures, that are used in the context of nonlinear dynamics, nonlinear timeseries analysis, and complex systems.
  • Several discrete and continuous (differential) estimators for entropies, which correct theoretically known estimation biases.
  • An extendable interface and well thought out API accompanied by dedicated developer documentation. This makes it trivial to define new outcome spaces, or new estimators for probabilities, information measures, or complexity measures and integrate them with everything else in the software without boilerplate code.

ComplexityMeasures.jl can be used as a standalone package, or as part of other projects in the JuliaDynamics organization, such as DynamicalSystems.jl or CausalityTools.jl.

To install it, run import Pkg; Pkg.add("ComplexityMeasures").

All further information is provided in the documentation, which you can either find online or build locally by running the docs/make.jl file.

Previously, this package was called Entropies.jl.

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RecurrenceAnalysis.RecurrenceAnalysisModule

RecurrenceAnalysis.jl

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A Julia package that offers tools for computing Recurrence Plots and exploring them within the framework of Recurrence Quantification Analysis and Recurrence Network Analysis. It can be used as a standalone package, or as part of DynamicalSystems.jl.

To install it, run import Pkg; Pkg.add("RecurrenceAnalysis").

All further information is provided in the documentation, which you can either find online or build locally by running the docs/make.jl file.

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DelayEmbeddings.DelayEmbeddingsModule

DelayEmbeddings.jl

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A Julia package that provides a generic interface for performing delay coordinate embeddings, as well as cutting edge algorithms for creating optimal embeddings given some data. It can be used as a standalone package, or as part of DynamicalSystems.jl.

To install it, run import Pkg; Pkg.add("DelayEmbeddings").

All further information is provided in the documentation, which you can either find online or build locally by running the docs/make.jl file.

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FractalDimensions.FractalDimensionsModule

FractalDimensions.jl

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A Julia package that estimates various definitions of fractal dimension from data. It can be used as a standalone package, or as part of DynamicalSystems.jl.

To install it, run import Pkg; Pkg.add("FractalDimensions").

All further information is provided in the documentation, which you can either find online or build locally by running the docs/make.jl file.

Previously, this package was part of ChaosTools.jl.

Publication

FractalDimensions.jl is used in a review article comparing various estimators for fractal dimensions. The paper is likely a relevant read if you are interested in the package. And if you use the package, please cite the paper.

@article{FractalDimensions.jl,
  doi = {10.1063/5.0160394},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0160394},
  year = {2023},
  month = oct,
  publisher = {{AIP} Publishing},
  volume = {33},
  number = {10},
  author = {George Datseris and Inga Kottlarz and Anton P. Braun and Ulrich Parlitz},
  title = {Estimating fractal dimensions: A comparative review and open source implementations},
  journal = {Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science}
}
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TimeseriesSurrogates.TimeseriesSurrogatesModule

TimeseriesSurrogates.jl

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A Julia package for generating timeseries surrogates. TimeseriesSurrogates.jl is the fastest and most featureful open source code for generating timeseries surrogates. It can be used as a standalone package, or as part of other projects in JuliaDynamics such as DynamicalSystems.jl or CausalityTools.jl.

To install it, run import Pkg; Pkg.add("TimeseriesSurrogates").

All further information is provided in the documentation, which you can either find online or build locally by running the docs/make.jl file.

Citing

Please use the following BiBTeX entry, or DOI, to cite TimeseriesSurrogates.jl:

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.04414

BiBTeX:

@article{TimeseriesSurrogates.jl,
    doi = {10.21105/joss.04414},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.04414},
    year = {2022},
    publisher = {The Open Journal},
    volume = {7},
    number = {77},
    pages = {4414},
    author = {Kristian Agasøster Haaga and George Datseris},
    title = {TimeseriesSurrogates.jl: a Julia package for generating surrogate data},
    journal = {Journal of Open Source Software}
}
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For dynamical system instances

PredefinedDynamicalSystems.PredefinedDynamicalSystemsModule

PredefinedDynamicalSystems.jl

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Module which contains pre-defined dynamical systems that can be used by the DynamicalSystems.jl library. To install it, run import Pkg; Pkg.add("PredefinedDynamicalSystems").

Predefined systems exist as functions that return a DynamicalSystem instance. They are accessed like:

ds = PredefinedDynamicalSystems.lorenz(u0; ρ = 32.0)

The alias Systems is also exported as a deprecation.

This module is provided purely as a convenience. It does not have any actual tests, and it is not guaranteed to be stable in future versions. It is not recommended to use this module for anything else besides on-the-spot demonstrative examples.

For some systems, a Jacobian function is also defined. The naming convention for the Jacobian function is \$(name)_jacob. So, for the above example we have J = Systems.lorenz_jacob.

All available systems are provided in the documentation, which you can either find online or build locally by running the docs/make.jl file.

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ChaosTools.ChaosToolsModule

ChaosTools.jl

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A Julia module that offers various tools for analysing nonlinear dynamics and chaotic behaviour. It can be used as a standalone package, or as part of DynamicalSystems.jl.

To install it, run import Pkg; Pkg.add("ChaosTools").

All further information is provided in the documentation, which you can either find online or build locally by running the docs/make.jl file.

ChaosTools.jl is the jack-of-all-trades package of the DynamicalSystems.jl library: methods that are not extensive enough to be a standalone package are added here. You should see the full DynamicalSystems.jl library for other packages that may contain functionality you are looking for but did not find in ChaosTools.jl.

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Attractors.AttractorsModule

Attractors.jl

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Attractors.jl is a Julia package for

  • Finding all attractors, and all types of attractors, of arbitrary dynamical systems. An extendable interface allows for new algorithms for finding attractors.
  • Finding their basins of attraction or the state space fractions of the basins. This includes finding exit basins (divergence to infinity).
  • Analyzing nonlocal stability of attractors (also called global stability or resilience).
  • Performing global continuation of attractors and their basins (or other measures of stability), over a parameter range. Global continuation is a new, cutting-edge type of continuation that offers several advantages over traditional local continuation (AUTO, MatCont, BifurcationKit.jl, etc.), see the comparison in our docs.
  • Finding the basin boundaries and edges states and analyzing their fractal properties.
  • Tipping points related functionality for systems with known dynamic rule.
  • And more!

It can be used as a standalone package, or as part of DynamicalSystems.jl.

To install it, run import Pkg; Pkg.add("Attractors").

All further information is provided in the documentation, which you can either find online or build locally by running the docs/make.jl file.

Previously, Attractors.jl was part of ChaosTools.jl

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All exported names

This section lists all exported names of the DynamicalSystems.jl library. We do not list their documentation in any way here. This list is only meant as a quantitative listing of features, as well as perhaps helping searching via the search bar. To actually learn how to use all these exported names you need to use above-linked documentation of the respective submodules!

The total exported names are:

using DynamicalSystems
all_exported_names = names(DynamicalSystems)
length(all_exported_names)
503

And they are:

using DisplayAs
DisplayAs.unlimited(all_exported_names)
503-element Array{Symbol, 1}:
 :..
 Symbol("@windowed")
 :AAFT
 :AR1
 :AbstractBinning
 :AbstractEmbedding
 :AbstractRecurrenceType
 :AbstractStateSpaceSet
 :AddConstant
 :AlizadehArghami
 :AllSlopesDistribution
 :AmplitudeAwareOrdinalPatterns
 :ApproximateEntropy
 :ArbitrarySteppable
 :AttractorMapper
 :AttractorSeedContinueMatch
 :Attractors
 :AttractorsBasinsContinuation
 :AttractorsViaFeaturizing
 :AttractorsViaProximity
 :AttractorsViaRecurrences
 :AutoRegressive
 :BayesianRegularization
 :BlockMaxima
 :BlockShuffle
 :BruteForce
 :BubbleEntropy
 :BubbleSortSwaps
 :BubbleSortSwapsEncoding
 :Centroid
 :ChaoShen
 :ChaosTools
 :Chebyshev
 :CircShift
 :Cityblock
 :ClusteringConfig
 :CombinationEncoding
 :ComplexityEstimator
 :ComplexityMeasure
 :ComplexityMeasures
 :CompositeDownsampling
 :ContinuousDynamicalSystem
 :ContinuousTimeDynamicalSystem
 :CoreDynamicalSystem
 :Correa
 :CosineSimilarityBinning
 :CountOccurrences
 :Counts
 :CoupledODEs
 :CoupledSDEs
 :CramerVonMises
 :CrossRecurrenceMatrix
 :CrossingAccurateInterpolation
 :CrossingLinearIntersection
 :Curado
 :CycleShuffle
 :DelayEmbedding
 :DelayEmbeddings
 :DeterministicIteratedMap
 :DifferentialEntropyEstimator
 :DifferentialInfoEstimator
 :DiscreteDynamicalSystem
 :DiscreteEntropyEstimator
 :DiscreteInfoEstimator
 :DiscreteTimeDynamicalSystem
 :Dispersion
 :Diversity
 :DynamicalSystem
 :DynamicalSystems
 :DynamicalSystemsBase
 :Ebrahimi
 :EdgeTrackingResults
 :ElectronicEntropy
 :Encoding
 :EntropyDefinition
 :Euclidean
 :Exceedances
 :FAN
 :FT
 :FeaturizeGroupAcrossParameter
 :FirstElement
 :FixedRectangularBinning
 :FluctuationComplexity
 :FractalDimensions
 :Gao
 :GaussianCDFEncoding
 :GeneralizedEmbedding
 :GeneralizedSchuermann
 :GlobalContinuationAlgorithm
 :GlobalRecurrenceRate
 :Goria
 :GroupAcrossParameter
 :GroupAcrossParameterContinuation
 :GroupViaClustering
 :GroupViaHistogram
 :GroupViaNearestFeature
 :GroupViaPairwiseComparison
 :GroupingConfig
 :HRectangle
 :HSphere
 :HSphereSurface
 :Hausdorff
 :HorvitzThompson
 :IAAFT
 :IDMatcher
 :Identification
 :InformationMeasure
 :InformationMeasureEstimator
 :IntervalBox
 :InvariantMeasure
 :IrregularLombScargle
 :Jackknife
 :JointRecurrenceMatrix
 :KDTree
 :Kaniadakis
 :KozachenkoLeonenko
 :Kraskov
 :LargestLinearRegion
 :LempelZiv76
 :LeonenkoProzantoSavani
 :LinearRegression
 :LocalRecurrenceRate
 :Lord
 :MFSBlackBoxOptim
 :MFSBruteForce
 :MLEntropy
 :MVector
 :MatchByBasinEnclosure
 :MatchByBasinOverlap
 :MatchBySSSetDistance
 :MillerMadow
 :MissingDispersionPatterns
 :MultiScaleAlgorithm
 :NLNS
 :NSAR2
 :NaiveKernel
 :NeighborNumber
 :OrdinalPatternEncoding
 :OrdinalPatterns
 :Outcome
 :OutcomeSpace
 :PairDistanceEncoding
 :ParallelDynamicalSystem
 :PartialRandomization
 :PartialRandomizationAAFT
 :PlaneCrossing
 :PlugIn
 :PoincareMap
 :PowerSpectrum
 :PredefinedDynamicalSystems
 :Probabilities
 :ProbabilitiesEstimator
 :ProjectedDynamicalSystem
 :PseudoPeriodic
 :PseudoPeriodicTwin
 :RAFM
 :RandomCascade
 :RandomFourier
 :RandomShuffle
 :RectangularBinEncoding
 :RectangularBinning
 :RecurrenceAnalysis
 :RecurrenceMatrix
 :RecurrenceThreshold
 :RecurrenceThresholdScaled
 :RecurrencesFindAndMatch
 :RecurrencesSeededContinuation
 :RegularDownsampling
 :RelativeAmount
 :RelativeFirstDifferenceEncoding
 :RelativeMeanEncoding
 :RelativePartialRandomization
 :RelativePartialRandomizationAAFT
 :Renyi
 :RenyiExtropy
 :ReverseDispersion
 :SMatrix
 :SNLST
 :SVector
 :SampleEntropy
 :Schuermann
 :SequentialPairDistances
 :Shannon
 :ShannonExtropy
 :Shrinkage
 :ShuffleDimensions
 :SpatialBubbleSortSwaps
 :SpatialDispersion
 :SpatialOrdinalPatterns
 :SpectralPartialRandomization
 :SpectralPartialRandomizationAAFT
 :StateSpaceSet
 :StateSpaceSets
 :StatisticalComplexity
 :StretchedExponential
 :StrictlyMinimumDistance
 :StroboscopicMap
 :SubdivisionBasedGrid
 :Surrogate
 :SurrogateTest
 :SymbolicAmplitudeAwarePermutation
 :SymbolicPermutation
 :SymbolicWeightedPermutation
 :Systems
 :TAAFT
 :TFTD
 :TFTDAAFT
 :TFTDIAAFT
 :TFTDRandomFourier
 :TFTS
 :TangentDynamicalSystem
 :TimeScaleMODWT
 :TimeseriesSurrogates
 :TransferOperator
 :Tsallis
 :TsallisExtropy
 :UniqueElements
 :UniqueElementsEncoding
 :ValueBinning
 :ValueHistogram
 :Vasicek
 :VisitationFrequency
 :WLS
 :WaveletOverlap
 :WeightedOrdinalPatterns
 :WithinRange
 :Zhu
 :ZhuSingh
 :aggregate_attractor_fractions
 :allcounts
 :allcounts_and_outcomes
 :allprobabilities
 :allprobabilities_and_outcomes
 :animate_attractors_continuation
 :autocor
 :automatic_Δt_basins
 :basin_entropy
 :basins_fractal_dimension
 :basins_fractal_test
 :basins_fractions
 :basins_of_attraction
 :beta_statistic
 :bisect_to_edge
 :boxassisted_correlation_dim
 :boxed_correlationsum
 :broomhead_king
 :codify
 :colored_noise
 :columns
 :complexity
 :complexity_normalized
 :continuation
 :convergence_and_basins_fractions
 :convergence_and_basins_of_attraction
 :convergence_time
 :convert_logunit
 :coordinates
 :cor
 :correlationsum
 :counts
 :counts_and_outcomes
 :cov
 :current_crossing_time
 :current_deviations
 :current_parameter
 :current_parameters
 :current_state
 :current_states
 :current_time
 :davidchacklai
 :decode
 :delay_afnn
 :delay_f1nn
 :delay_fnn
 :delay_ifnn
 :determinism
 :dimension
 :distancematrix
 :divergence
 :dl_average
 :dl_entropy
 :dl_max
 :downsample
 :dyca
 :dynamic_rule
 :edgetracking
 :embed
 :encode
 :entropy
 :entropy_approx
 :entropy_complexity
 :entropy_complexity_curves
 :entropy_dispersion
 :entropy_distribution
 :entropy_maximum
 :entropy_normalized
 :entropy_permutation
 :entropy_sample
 :entropy_wavelet
 :estimate_boxsizes
 :estimate_delay
 :estimate_gev_parameters
 :estimate_gev_scale
 :estimate_gpd_parameters
 :estimate_period
 :estimate_r0_buenoorovio
 :estimate_r0_theiler
 :excitability_threshold
 :exit_entry_times
 :expansionentropy
 :exponential_decay_fit
 :extract_attractors
 :extract_features
 :extremal_index_sueveges
 :extremevaltheory_dim
 :extremevaltheory_dims
 :extremevaltheory_dims_persistences
 :extremevaltheory_gpdfit_pvalues
 :extremevaltheory_local_dim_persistence
 :fill_surrogate_test!
 :findlocalextrema
 :findlocalminima
 :first_return_times
 :fixedmass_correlation_dim
 :fixedmass_correlationsum
 :fixedpoints
 :gali
 :garcia_almeida_embedding
 :genembed
 :genentropy
 :generalized_dim
 :get_deviations
 :get_state
 :global_continuation
 :grassberger_proccacia_dim
 :grayscale
 :group_features
 :haussdorff_distance
 :heatmap_basins_attractors
 :heatmap_basins_attractors!
 :higuchi_dim
 :information
 :information_maximum
 :information_normalized
 :initial_parameters
 :initial_state
 :initial_states
 :initial_time
 :integrator
 :interactive_cobweb
 :interactive_orbitdiagram
 :interactive_poincaresos
 :interactive_poincaresos_scan
 :interactive_trajectory
 :interactive_trajectory_timeseries
 :interval
 :invariantmeasure
 :is_counting_based
 :isdeterministic
 :isdiscretetime
 :isinplace
 :jacobian
 :kaplanyorke_dim
 :lambdamatrix
 :lambdaperms
 :laminarity
 :linear_region
 :linear_regions
 :linreg
 :local_growth_rates
 :lyapunov
 :lyapunov_from_data
 :lyapunovspectrum
 :match_attractor_ids!
 :match_basins_ids!
 :match_continuation!
 :match_sequentially!
 :match_statespacesets!
 :matching_map
 :matching_map!
 :maxima
 :mdop_embedding
 :mdop_maximum_delay
 :mean_and_cov
 :mean_return_times
 :meanrecurrencetime
 :minima
 :minimal_fatal_shock
 :minimum_pairwise_distance
 :minmaxima
 :missing_outcomes
 :missing_probabilities
 :molteno_boxing
 :molteno_dim
 :multiscale
 :multiscale_normalized
 :n_statistic
 :next_free_id
 :nmprt
 :noiseradius
 :observe_state
 :optimal_separated_de
 :optimal_traditional_de
 :orbitdiagram
 :orthonormal
 :outcome_space
 :outcomes
 :parallel_integrator
 :parameter_name
 :pecora
 :pecuzal_embedding
 :periodicorbits
 :permentropy
 :plot_attractors
 :plot_attractors!
 :plot_attractors_curves
 :plot_attractors_curves!
 :plot_basins_attractors_curves
 :plot_basins_attractors_curves!
 :plot_basins_curves
 :plot_basins_curves!
 :plot_continuation_curves
 :plot_continuation_curves!
 :poincaremap
 :poincaresos
 :pointwise_correlationsums
 :pointwise_dimensions
 :predictability
 :prismdim_theiler
 :probabilities
 :probabilities!
 :probabilities_and_outcomes
 :produce_orbitdiagram
 :projected_integrator
 :pvalue
 :random_cycles
 :randomwalk
 :reconstruct
 :recurrence_threshold
 :recurrenceplot
 :recurrencerate
 :recurrencestructures
 :recursivecopy
 :referrenced_sciml_model
 :reinit!
 :rematch!
 :replacement_map
 :reset_mapper!
 :rna
 :rqa
 :rt_average
 :rt_entropy
 :rt_max
 :scaleod
 :selfmutualinfo
 :set_deviations!
 :set_distance
 :set_parameter!
 :set_parameters!
 :set_period!
 :set_state!
 :setsofsets_distances
 :shaded_basins_heatmap
 :shaded_basins_heatmap!
 :skeletonize
 :slopefit
 :sorteddistances
 :standardize
 :state_name
 :statespace_sampler
 :step!
 :stochastic_indicator
 :subdivision_based_grid
 :successful_step
 :surrogate
 :surrogenerator
 :surroplot
 :surroplot!
 :swap_dict_keys!
 :takens_best_estimate_dim
 :tangent_integrator
 :test_wada_merge
 :testchaos01
 :textrecurrenceplot
 :tipping_probabilities
 :total_outcomes
 :trajectory
 :transfermatrix
 :transit_return_times
 :transitivity
 :trappingtime
 :trend
 :uncertainty_exponent
 :unique_keys
 :uzal_cost
 :uzal_cost_local
 :vl_average
 :vl_entropy
 :vl_max
 :windowed
 :yin
 :×
 :τrange